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Knowledge/Crops/Black-eyed Peas
Vegetables

Black-eyed Peas

Vigna unguiculata

Black-eyed peas, also known as cowpeas, are a warm-season legume that is cultivated for its edible seeds and pods. They are characterized by their distinctive black eye on a cream-colored seed. Black-eyed peas are rich in protein, fiber, and essential nutrients, making them an important food source in many cultures. They are often used in soups, stews, and salads, and are valued for their ability to improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixation.

Calculate System for Black-eyed Peas
400.00–600.00mm
Water Need
120 days
Season
30.00–60.00cm
Root Depth
25,000 kg/ha
Yield
20,000
Plants/ha

Growth Stages

Season: Mar – Aug (120 days)

Initial
Kc 0.400
30 days
Development
Kc 0.700
40 days
Mid-Season
Kc 1.000
60 days
Late
Kc 0.800
30 days

Black-eyed peas are drought-tolerant and can thrive in poor soils. They are often intercropped with other crops to enhance biodiversity and soil health.

Water Requirements

Season Total: 400.00600.00 mm
Water Stress Sensitivity: High
Salt Tolerance: Moderate
Water Productivity: 15.500 kg/m³

Recommended Methods

Drip Irrigation90.00%Fixed Sprinkler70.00%

Soil Compatibility

Optimal pH range: 6.0 – 7.5

Sandy Loam
AWC100.00mm/m
Drainagegood
Drainage: Well-drained soils preferred
Organic Matter: 2.00%
Soil should be prepared by incorporating organic matter to improve fertility and structure. Soil testing is recommended to determine nutrient needs.

Climate Compatibility

Temperature range: 15.0°C – 30.0°C

Temperate Continental
ETo: 1.006.00 mm/day
Temp: -20.0°C – 30.0°C
Frost: high
Mediterranean
ETo: 3.007.00 mm/day
Temp: 5.0°C – 35.0°C
Frost: low
Frost Tolerance: Low frost tolerance
Heat Tolerance: Moderate heat tolerance
Black-eyed peas prefer warm temperatures and should be planted when soil temperatures are consistently above 15°C. They can be sensitive to prolonged cool temperatures.

Planting Layout

100.00cm
Row Spacing
50.00cm
Plant Spacing
20,000
Plants per ha

Nutrient Requirements (kg/ha)

Nitrogen (N)150 kg/ha
Phosphorus (P)60 kg/ha
Potassium (K)180 kg/ha
40
Calcium (Ca) kg/ha
25
Magnesium (Mg) kg/ha
20
Sulfur (S) kg/ha
Schedule: Apply nitrogen in 3 splits during growing season
Organic Matter: 2-3% organic matter recommended

Yield Information

25,000
kg/ha
2.500
kg/plant
0.450
Harvest Index
Quality Factors: Size, color, sugar content

Design Your Black-eyed Peas Irrigation System

Use our free calculators to plan water requirements, spacing, and system costs for your Black-eyed Peas field.

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Related Guides

Growing and Irrigating Black-eyed Peas: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction Black-eyed peas, scientifically known as Vigna unguiculata, are a popular legume crop grown for their nutritious seeds. They are not only a great source of protein, fiber and essential minerals, but they also offer numerous economic benefits to farmers. In this article, we will explore the reasons why…

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