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Vegetables

Onions

Allium cepa

Onions are bulbous vegetables belonging to the Allium family, characterized by their layered structure and pungent flavor. They are widely used in culinary applications and are known for their health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Onions are cultivated globally and are a staple in many diets.

Calculate System for Onions
400.00–600.00mm
Water Need
120 days
Season
30.00–60.00cm
Root Depth
25,000 kg/ha
Yield
333,333
Plants/ha

Growth Stages

Season: Mar – Aug (120 days)

Initial
Kc 0.400
30 days
Development
Kc 0.700
40 days
Mid-Season
Kc 1.000
60 days
Late
Kc 0.800
30 days

Onions can be grown from seeds, sets, or transplants. Varieties include yellow, red, and white onions, each with distinct flavor profiles and uses. Proper storage conditions are crucial to prevent sprouting and decay.

Water Requirements

Season Total: 400.00600.00 mm
Water Stress Sensitivity: High
Salt Tolerance: Moderate
Water Productivity: 15.500 kg/m³

Recommended Methods

Drip Irrigation90.00%Fixed Sprinkler70.00%

Soil Compatibility

Optimal pH range: 6.0 – 7.5

Sandy Loam
AWC100.00mm/m
Drainagegood
Drainage: Well-drained soils preferred
Organic Matter: 2.00%
Soil should be rich in organic matter and well-aerated. Incorporating compost can improve soil structure and fertility. Regular soil testing is recommended to monitor nutrient levels.

Climate Compatibility

Temperature range: 15.0°C – 30.0°C

Temperate Continental
ETo: 1.006.00 mm/day
Temp: -20.0°C – 30.0°C
Frost: high
Mediterranean
ETo: 3.007.00 mm/day
Temp: 5.0°C – 35.0°C
Frost: low
Frost Tolerance: Low frost tolerance
Heat Tolerance: Moderate heat tolerance
Onions thrive in full sun and moderate temperatures. In regions with high temperatures, provide shade during the hottest part of the day to prevent bolting.

Planting Layout

30.00cm
Row Spacing
10.00cm
Plant Spacing
333,333
Plants per ha

Nutrient Requirements (kg/ha)

Nitrogen (N)150 kg/ha
Phosphorus (P)60 kg/ha
Potassium (K)180 kg/ha
40
Calcium (Ca) kg/ha
25
Magnesium (Mg) kg/ha
20
Sulfur (S) kg/ha
Schedule: Apply nitrogen in 3 splits during growing season, with phosphorus and potassium applied at planting.
Organic Matter: 2-3% organic matter recommended

Yield Information

25,000
kg/ha
2.500
kg/plant
0.450
Harvest Index
Quality Factors: Size, color, sugar content

Design Your Onions Irrigation System

Use our free calculators to plan water requirements, spacing, and system costs for your Onions field.

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Related Guides

Growing and Irrigating Onions: An Economically Efficient Approach

Growing and Irrigating Onions: An Economically Efficient Approach

Introduction Onions are one of the most widely consumed and economically important crops worldwide. They are not only versatile in culinary applications but also offer significant health benefits. Growing onions in an economically efficient manner requires careful planning and the implementation of sustainable…

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